Where herds may safely graze

There are a variety of indigenous and exotic diseases which commonly attack livestock in South Africa, and vaccination is the only way in which many of them can be controlled. For some diseases, there are multiple strains which makes the task of combating them more difficult. Some diseases are transferred from animal to animal and are thus easier to control. Rinderpest was such a disease. Others, like African horsesickness (AHS), are transmitted by insects and are thus more difficult to control.

The list is daunting. Rift Valley Fever, bluetongue disease, lumpy skin disease and ephemeral fever are examples of diseases which require the application of viral vaccines for their prevention. Anthrax, Botulism and black-quarter are typical bacterial diseases requiring vaccine for prevention.